Senator John Ensign is back in the news after a New York Times article questioned whether the aftermath as his affair violated criminal laws and Senate ethics rules. At least preliminary investigations on both fronts appear likely. What criminal laws might come into play? Conspiracy to assist a former employee break a federal lobbying law, and perhaps "honest services fraud."
For the background on Senator Ensign's affair with the wife of his former co-chief of staff Doug Hampton, and the "soft landing" in a lobbying job Ensign reportedly arranged for Hampton, see the New York Times article that has some anticipating investigation by the Department of Justice.
So, what laws would be in play?
First off, federal lobbying laws. Federal law forbids some former employees of Senators from lobbying any Senator for one year after their employment. In this context, lobbying means knowingly communicating with or appearing before any Senator (or employee of the Senate) with the intent to influence them regarding something on which the former employee seeks action by any Senator or any part of the Senate.
The same one year cooling off period applies to former employees of House members, except they are banned only from lobbying the specific House member who used to be their boss.
This law speaks about the former employees turned lobbyists, but what about the elected officials they lobby?